The article examines Jewish religious spectrum in Moscow, which in the main can be extrapolated to all of Russia. Special attention is given to the two extremes of the spectrum — ultraorthodox Chabad Lubavitch and Reform, or Progressive, movements. Based on published sources as well as interviews with people from various groups of Moscow Jewry, the research analyzes key strategies of community building and selfrepresentation of Chabad and Progressive Judaism, on the one hand, and the reception of these strategies and related practices, on the other. The study of these data allows to explicate the rapid and seemingly comprehensive success of Chabad as opposed to the failure of Reform Judaism in post-Soviet Russia, as well as some other alternatives in religious behavior of Moscow Jews including either the establishment of small communities or sticking to the Orthodox Choral synagogue albeit without regular attendance.