The author regards Karl Barth’s theology of religion as a re-creation on a new level of traditional motifs of Calvinist theology, caused by a reaction to rationalism and progressivism of the liberal Protestantism. Particular attention is paid to Karl Barth’s ideas of the relationship between religion (or natural religiosity of human being) and Christian revelation. These ideas are interpreted not in form of theological exclusivism, but as a more complex position that combines various elements of exclusivism, inclusivism and pluralism.