The article covers the so called Thesis of Frances Yates, concerning the «hermetical key» to understanding of the Scientific Revolution. The author shows historians’ attitude to Yates’s Thesis and assumes, that in general it depends on what exactly these historians study — the history of science or the history of culture. Also the article shows the role of metahistorical orientation of historians in their attitude to Yates’ Thesis. The author pays attention to the positive role of Christianity in the rise of the Scientific Revolution.